This technique is also referred to as accidental sampling, and is commonly used in pilot studies prior to launching a. The reason for the nomenclature is apparent, and so is the downside. There is an element of convenience sampling in many qualitative studies, but a. Convenience sampling is the most common form of nonprobabilistic sampling, mostly because it is misused. Simple random sampling and systematic sampling simple random sampling and systematic sampling provide the foundation for almost all of the more complex sampling designs based on probability sampling. Convenience sampling and purposive sampling are nonprobability sampling techniques that a researcher uses to choose a sample of subjectsunits from a population. Convenience sampling is used for our ease as its less time consuming and easier method. Convenience sampling is a type of sampling where the first available primary data source will be used for the research without additional requirements. Purposive sampling is a nonprobability sampling method and it occurs when elements selected for the sample are chosen by the judgment of the researcher.
The method by which the researcher selects the sample is the sampling method. They are also usually the easiest designs to implement. A frequently used method is contacting people by email. Every member of the population is equally likely to be selected. A manual for selecting sampling techniques in research 5 of various types of probability sampling technique. In pilot studies, convenience sample is usually used because it allows the researcher to obtain basic data and trends regarding his study without the complications of using a randomized sample. Raj, p4 all these four steps are interwoven and cannot be considered isolated from one another. Distinguishing between a sample and a populat ion before describing sampling procedures, we need to define a few key terms. This technique can be used only for some specific purposes. The most important distinctions among these types of sampling methods are the ones between the different types of purposive sampling approaches. Convenience sampling is a statistical technique to gather data from subjects that are conveniently accessible. Convenience sampling are useful, if the population is random. An easily accessible nonrandom selection of the population under enquiry is chosen.
However, the pros and cons of convenience sampling presented here cant be denied that although it has. However, the use of the method is not adequately explained in most studies. In this technique, sampling units are selected according to the purpose. Probability sampling methods include random sampling, systematic sampling, and stratified sampling. In probability sampling, each element in the population has a known nonzero chance of being selected through the use of a random selection procedure. Accidental sampling is convenience in reading the sampling population, mostly used among marketers or newspaper researchers. A manual for selecting sampling techniques in research.
The word the word random describes the procedure used to select elements participants, cars, test items from a population. A convenience sample is a nonprobability sample in which the researcher uses the subjects that are nearest and available to participate in the research study. This type of sampling is most useful for pilot testing. Convenience sampling is a method of collecting data samples from people or respondents who are easily accessible to the researcher. The difference between probability and nonprobability sampling are discussed in detail in this article. Convenience sampling is a nonprobability sampling technique where samples are selected from the population only because they are conveniently available to the researcher. Perhaps it depends on the type of research being conducted. In other words, this sampling method involves getting participants wherever you can find them and typically wherever is convenient. Dy definition, sampling is a statistical process whereby researchers choose the type of the sample. The term population means all members that meet a set of specifications or a specified criterion. Comparison of convenience sampling and purposive sampling. Nonprobability methods include convenience sampling, judgment sampling and quota sampling.
A sampling method in which each unit selected is a group of persons all persons in a city block, a family, etc. Convenience sampling is a type of nonprobability sampling that involves the sample being drawn from that part of the population that is close to hand. Probability sampling is also referred to as random samplingor representative sampling. Simple random sampling, systematic sampling, stratified sampling fall into the category of simple sampling techniques. The purposive sampling technique, also called judgment sampling, is the deliberate choice of an informant due to the qualities the informant possesses. Convenience sampling is defined as a method adopted by researchers where they collect market research data from a conveniently available pool of respondents.
Most sampling methods are purposive in nature because we usually approach the sampling problem with a specific plan in mind. In this paper first we clarify the proper meaning of sampling. A study on purposive sampling method in research neetij rai bikash thapa chapter i. These nonprobability sampling methods are less desirable than probability samples. Researchers choose these samples just because they are easy to recruit, and the researcher did not consider selecting a sample that represents the entire population.
It is the least costly to the researcher, in terms of time, effort and money, but may result in poor quality data and lacks intellectual credibility. There are essentially two types of sampling methods. However, you should be fully aware of the pros and cons of convenience sampling before you conduct research. Purposive sampling as a tool for informant selection. It is the most commonly used sampling technique as its incredibly prompt, uncomplicated, and economical.
In other words, the sample is selected based on availability and not according to more elaborate screening processes. This sampling technique is also useful in documenting that a particular quality of a substance or phenomenon occurs within a given sample. Convenience sampling is the most easiest way to do that. This paper presents the steps to go through to conduct sampling. Each of the sampling techniques described in this chapter has advantages and disadvantages.
Although, nonprobability sampling has a lot of limitations due to the subjective nature in choosing the sample. In nonprobability sampling, the sample group is selected from the population and the how the sample differs from the the population cannot be determined. In probability sampling, the sampler chooses the representative to be part of the sample randomly, whereas in nonprobability sampling, the subject is chosen arbitrarily, to belong to the sample by the researcher. The qualitative report 2015 volume 20, number 11, article 4, 17721789. Assessing limitations and uses of convenience samples. But, it is not preferred to use this technique for accurate analysis of population in all cases. Pdf comparison of convenience sampling and purposive. Random sampling in this method of sampling, each unit included in the sample will have certain pre assigned.
A research on the habits, thoughts, views, and opinions of people can help us in the betterment of the society. Used when a sampling frame not available or too expensive, and. This article studied and compared the two nonprobability sampling techniques namely, convenience sampling and purposive sampling. To draw a probability sample, we begin by identifying the population. This sampling technique uses randomization to make sure that every element of the population gets an equal chance to be part of the selected sample. How to choose a sampling technique for research article pdf available in ssrn electronic journal 52.
Convenience sampling is a type of nonprobability sampling in which people are sampled simply because they are convenient sources of data for researchers. This is an easy and inexpensive way to gather initial data, but there is no way to tell if the sample is representative of the population, so it cant produce generalizable results. Insights from an overview of the methods literature stephen j. Sampling, recruiting, and retaining diverse samples. Population divided into different groups from which we sample randomly. Pros and cons of different sampling techniques gaganpreet sharma abstract in the field of research different sampling technique are used for different fields. Chapter 3 research design, research method and population 3. It is very essential to choose the adequate technique of sampling.
Simple random sampling in an ordered systematic way, e. Convenience sampling an overview sciencedirect topics. Although, nonprobability sampling has a lot of limitations due to the subjective nature in. Used when a sampling frame not available or too expensive, and b cost of reaching an individual element is too high. Sampling methods chapter 4 sampling methods that do not ensure each member of the population has an equal chance of being selected into the study voluntary response samples studies that recruit participants through advertising newspaper, magazine, and television surveys haphazard or convenience. Difference between probability and nonprobability sampling. The three will be selected by simple random sampling. Convenience, accidental or opportunistic sampling is used to find out a cheap estimate of the truth. Nonprobability samples are most often used in qualitative research, although quantitative studies may sometimes need to use a. Convenience sample this is the least rigorous technique, involving the selection of the most accessible subjects.
Purposive sampling is an informant selection tool widely used in ethnobotany table 1. In order to answer the research questions, it is doubtful that researcher should be able to collect data from all cases. Purposive sampling provides biased estimate and it is not statistically recognized. We have all seen studies that leverage students in the computer science classes. Convenience sampling is a method of collecting samples by taking samples that are conveniently located around a location or internet service. Check the advantages and disadvantages of convenience sampling. The words that are used as synonyms to one another are mentioned. A convenience sampling process is one of the nonprobability sampling methods employed to conduct a given statistical. Random sampling is a part of the sampling technique in which each sample has an equal probability of being chosen. Appendix iii is presenting a brief summary of various types of nonprobability sampling technique. Comparision of snowball sampling and sequential sampling. However, the pros and cons of convenience sampling presented here cant be denied that although it has some advantages, it also have disadvantages. It has the same advantages and disadvantages as quota sampling and it is not guided.
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